2éme Année -TC

The module of Microbiology introduces students to the fascinating world of microorganisms, focusing on their diversity, morphology, structure, nutrition, metabolism, taxonomy, crucial roles in different ecosystems, and their impact on human health and industry.  The initiation with a historical review enables the exploration of fundamental concepts and an appreciation of the influence of microorganisms on the world. The course begins by introducing Microbial World, covering the vast diversity of microbial life, including bacteria, fungi, Algae, and protozoa with a focus on their biological organisation and structure, as well as their ecological and industrial importance. The Appearance and Structure of Bacteria Chapter provides a comprehensive description of the morphology and structure of bacterial cells, elucidating their distinctive structures, micro and macro-morphologies, and the physiological functions that facilitate their survival and adaptation. Next, the module covers Nutrition and Bacterial Metabolism, emphasizing the nutritional requirements and types, as well as the biochemical pathways bacteria use to obtain energy and nutrients and their metabolic versatility. Based on this, the Bacterial Growth Chapter explores bacterial reproduction and growth, the influence of environmental factors, as well as the bacterial enumeration procedures. Furthermore, the module examines the role of antimicrobial agents in controlling microbial populations, including investigating the mechanisms by which physical and chemical agents and antibiotics exert their effects. Additionally, it addresses the emerging challenge of antimicrobial resistance. Furthermore, the module offers insight into Bacterial classification, identification and nomenclature within the Bacterial Taxonomy Chapter, encompassing the systems employed to categorise and distinguish diverse bacterial species. The course also highlights the practical Applications of Microorganisms in Industry, Environment, and Health, examining their roles in biotechnology and environmental sustainability. The final chapter is devoted to the study of viruses or Virology. It provides an overview of the different types of viruses, including bacteriophages and animal and plant viruses.